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Iterate over a dictionary in Python

David Y.

The Problem

How can I iterate over a dictionary using a Python for loop?

The Solution

The simplest way to iterate over a Python dictionary is to iterate over its keys. The following code will print each key in a dictionary with its corresponding value:

word_counts = {"the": 3, "a": 5, "be": 2, "do": 1}

for key in word_counts:
    print(f"{key}: {word_counts[key]}")

While this works, we may prefer to iterate over keys and values at the same time. Python’s built-in dict class includes a method called items(), which returns a dictionary view object that can be used for exactly this purpose. Below, we’ve rewritten our code to use this method:

word_counts = {"the": 3, "a": 5, "be": 2, "do": 1}

for key, value in word_counts.items():
    print(f"{key}: {value}")

You can also use the enumerate() function to get the index and key-value in the iteration. This is useful if you need the position of the element in the dictionary along with the key-value pair:

word_counts = {"the": 3, "a": 5, "be": 2, "do": 1}

for index, (key, value) in enumerate(word_counts.items()):
    print(f"{index}  {key}:{value}")

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)

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